人的記憶力會(huì)隨著歲月的流逝而衰退，寫作可以彌補(bǔ)記憶的不足，將曾經(jīng)的人生經(jīng)歷和感悟記錄下來，也便于保存一份美好的回憶。寫范文的時(shí)候需要注意什么呢？有哪些格式需要注意呢？以下是我為大家搜集的優(yōu)質(zhì)范文，僅供參考，一起來看看吧
激勵(lì)機(jī)制的文獻(xiàn)篇一
inorder to find out what the life it was in the past in china, i intervewed a grangpa in our shool’s little park, who is at about his 60s.q(question): hello, nice to meet you for accepting my interview.a(answer): nice to meet you too.q: em, you look like about at 60s, right? would you like to tell me when people mostly used bikes? a:yeah, i was born in 1953 and i’m 61years old ly, you know china was been named of “the kingdom of bicycle” in the past.i remember my grandpa told me that bicycle was introduced in china in the late 19th in 1960s, 1970s, when i was a young man, bicycle along with sewing machine and watch became the necessary three-major-items of e became really popular in the 1980s, it was the most important and most universal vehicle at that moment, the famous brands included “yong jiu”, “fenghuang”, “feige”.the flow of thousands of bicycles during the rush hour was extremly awesome which made china became “the kingdom of bicycle”.you might cannot realize that kind of feeling, but you have to know who had a bicycle at that time woule be jealous by others, especially our young guys.q: but a bicycle must be very expensive at that time, right? a: certainly!one bicycle costed about 200 yuanat that time while people’s salary just a few dozen ’s very precious.q: em, what about bus? when buses appeared? and how the buses of today compare with the buses when you were young? a: haerbin’s buses were developed in the i was young , buses in haerbin were still not widespread, just several bus-lines were ’s more, the buses’ environment and situation were not very well when compared with the buses of today.q: well, i got life was in your 20s’, 30s’, and 40s’? and every day life how it changed when you grew older? a: in my 20s’ , what i remember most was that you had to take the tickets or certificates to buy all the things you wanted and needed , and the number of those stuff was fixed by government, so you couldn’t buy a lot even you had the liquor, you had to buy it in state-run stores with you wanted more, you might suppose to borrow the certificate from other family which was begrudge to buy the liquor , for the numeber of liquor was later, the inspanidual business appeared and became more and more, so you could buy anything with money in followed the policy of reform and opening, our daily lives became more and more colorful.q: do you rememberhow life changed when tall building were built? a：em...in fact, the tall building didn’t bring much impact on our the beginning, we might feel shocked or wondering, but later we gradually accustomed to can see, there are tall building everywhere nowadays.q: what do you miss about the old days and what you do not miss? a: what i miss...may be the simplicity and kindness of those people, besides, at that time, they worked harder and i enjoy the high life quality of today, comprehensive health care system, varieties of entertainments, convenient public transit, know, the life in the old days is difficult.a: yeah, sure it t then, thank to your narration, i know more details about the life in the old days, thank you!q：it’s my pleasure!為了了解過去中國的生活是什么樣的，我在學(xué)校的小公園里采訪了一位60多歲的老爺爺。
問：您好，很高興見到您，謝謝您能夠接受我的采訪。
答：認(rèn)識(shí)你也很高興。
問：你看起來大概60歲左右對(duì)嗎？您能不能跟我講一下人們用自行車最多是在什么時(shí)候呢？ 答：當(dāng)然。我出生于1953年，今年都61歲了。事實(shí)上，中國在過去被稱為“自行車王國”呢。我記得我的姥爺告訴我自行車是在19世紀(jì)后期引進(jìn)中國的。在六、七十年代，那時(shí)候我還年輕，自行車和縫紉機(jī)、手表是年輕人結(jié)婚必備的“三大件”。自行車真正流行起來是在80年代，那個(gè)時(shí)候自行車是最重要、最普遍的交通工具，出名的牌子有“永久”、“鳳凰”、“飛鴿”。那個(gè)時(shí)候上下班高峰期自行車流非常壯觀，中國也因此被稱為“自行車王國”。你們現(xiàn)在可能體會(huì)不到那種感覺，但是在那個(gè)時(shí)候擁有一輛自行車是讓人非常羨慕嫉妒的，特別是我們年輕人。
問：但是那個(gè)時(shí)候一輛自行車肯定很貴對(duì)吧？
答：那是肯定的！一輛自行車要200塊錢左右，而那個(gè)時(shí)候人們的工資只有十幾、幾十塊。所以自行車很珍貴。
問：嗯，那公交車呢，公交車什么時(shí)候出現(xiàn)？今天的公交車跟你們年輕時(shí)候的比起來又怎么樣呢？
答：哈爾濱的公交應(yīng)該是在50年代發(fā)展起來吧。我年輕的時(shí)候，公交還不是很普及，只有幾條線路投入運(yùn)行。而且，公交車的環(huán)境和狀況跟如今的比起來都很差。
問：嗯，那您20歲、30歲、40歲的時(shí)候生活是怎樣的呢?隨著您的年長，日常生活有哪些變化呢？
答：我20歲的時(shí)候，印象最深刻的是你買任何東西都需要票或者證。因?yàn)樗袞|西的數(shù)量是有國家按人口規(guī)定好的，所以即使你有錢你也買不了很多。像酒，你要拿著證去供銷社買。如果你還想要的話，你就要借其他人的證去買。因?yàn)槊考揖频臄?shù)量是一定的，但是有的人家舍不得買。后來個(gè)體商戶出現(xiàn)了而且越來越多，就可以拿錢買任何想要的東西。自從改革開放政策的實(shí)行，我們的生活變得越來越豐富多彩。
問：您能給我講講當(dāng)高樓大廈建起來的時(shí)候生活發(fā)生了哪些改變嗎？
答：嗯....事實(shí)上，高樓大廈并沒有給我們的生活帶來很大影響。剛開始，我們看到可能會(huì)感嘆會(huì)迷惑，但是后來慢慢就習(xí)慣了。你看現(xiàn)在到處都是高樓林立。
問：那對(duì)于過去的日子有哪些是您非常懷念的，哪些是不怎么懷念的呢？
答：嗯....要說懷念的話，應(yīng)該是懷念過去人們的淳樸善良吧，而且那時(shí)候人們也更加勤勞勇敢。但是我更享受現(xiàn)在的高品質(zhì)生活，完善的醫(yī)療體系，多樣的娛樂活動(dòng)，便利的公共交通等等，這些都是過去不能比的。你要知道過去的生活很艱苦。
問：是的，肯定比現(xiàn)在要苦。好的，非常感謝您抽出時(shí)間接受采訪，通過您的講述我對(duì)以前的生活知道了更多細(xì)節(jié)，謝謝！
答：不用謝，很高興能幫到你。
激勵(lì)機(jī)制的文獻(xiàn)篇二
一.3d channel 三維通道
1.3d channel extract 提取三維通道 matte 深度蒙版 of field 場深度 3d 霧化 matte id蒙版
音頻 rds 倒播
/treble 低音和高音 延遲
/chorus 變調(diào)和合聲 -low pass 高低音過濾 tor 調(diào)節(jié)器
tric eq eq參數(shù) 回聲
mixer 立體聲混合 音質(zhì)
/sharpen 模糊與銳化 blur 方形模糊 l blur 通道模糊 nd blur 混合模糊 ional blur 方向模糊 blur 快速模糊 an blur 高斯模糊 blur 鏡頭模糊 blur 徑向模糊
interlace flicker 減少交錯(cuò)閃爍(與高斯模糊相似)n 銳化
blur(沒什么效果的模糊效果)p mask 反遮罩銳化
l 通道
levels alpha色階 etic 運(yùn)算 混合
ations 計(jì)算
l combiner 通道組合 nd arithmetic 復(fù)合計(jì)算 反相
x 擴(kuò)亮擴(kuò)暗
color matting 刪除蒙版顏色 channels 設(shè)置通道 matte 設(shè)置蒙版
channels 轉(zhuǎn)換通道 composite 實(shí)色合成
correction 顏色修正 color 自動(dòng)顏色
contrast 自動(dòng)對(duì)比度 levels 自動(dòng)色階
ness/contrast 亮度和對(duì)比度 ast colors 廣播級(jí)顏色 color 轉(zhuǎn)換色彩
to color 定向轉(zhuǎn)換色彩 l mixer 通道混合 balance 色彩平衡
balance(hls)色彩平衡hls 1 link 色彩鏈接
1 stabilizer 色彩穩(wěn)定器 1ama 彩光 曲線 ze 均衡 re 暴光
/pedestal/gain 伽馬/基色/增益 /saturation 色調(diào)/飽合度 color 保留顏色 色階
(inspanidual controls)色階(個(gè)別控制) filter 圖片過濾 arbitrary map 映象
/highlight 陰影/亮光 色彩
t 扭曲
warp 貝塞爾曲線彎曲 凹凸鏡
pin 邊角定位 cenent map 置換 y 液化 y 放大
warp 網(wǎng)格變形 鏡像 位移
compensation 鏡頭變形 coordinates 極坐標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)換 e 形變 波紋 涂抹 ze 球面化 orm 變換
ent displace 劇烈置換 扭轉(zhuǎn) 彎曲
warp 波浪變形
sion controls 表達(dá)式控制 control 角度控制
ox control 檢驗(yàn)盒控制 control 色彩控制 control 層控制 control 點(diǎn)控制 control 游標(biāo)控制
te 產(chǎn)生(以前叫渲染)1.4-color gradient 四色漸變 ed lightning 高級(jí)閃電 spectrum 聲譜 waveform 聲波 光束
pattern 單元圖案 rboard 棋盤格 圓形 e 橢圓
pper fill 滴管填充 填充 l 分形 網(wǎng)格
flare 鏡頭光暈 ing 閃電
bucket 油漆桶 waves 電波 漸變 le 涂寫 描邊 勾畫
-on 書寫(有遮罩的功能)
鍵控
difference key 色彩差異鍵控< key 色彩鍵控 range 色彩范圍 ence matte 差異蒙版 t 提取
/outer key 輪廓鍵控
color key 線性色彩鍵控 color key 亮度鍵控 suppressor 溢色抑制
蒙版工具
choker 蒙版清除 choker 簡單清除
/grain 雜色/噪點(diǎn) grain 添加顆粒
/scratches 蒙塵與劃痕 l noise 分形噪波 grain 匹配噪點(diǎn) 中值 雜色
alpha alpha雜色 hls hls雜色
hls auto 自動(dòng)hls雜色 grain 清除噪點(diǎn)
繪畫 繪畫
paint 矢量繪畫
ctive 透視 1.3d glasses 3d視覺 3d 基礎(chǔ)三維 alpha alpha導(dǎo)角 edges 邊緣導(dǎo)角 shadow 投影
shadow 徑向投影
tion 仿真 dance 卡片動(dòng)畫 cs 腐蝕 水泡
le playground 粒子游樂場 r 爆碎
world 水波 e 風(fēng)格化
strokes 畫筆描邊 emboss 彩色浮雕 浮雕
edges 查找邊緣 輝光 馬賽克
tile 運(yùn)動(dòng)拼貼
ize 多色調(diào)(相當(dāng)有16位色32位色)n edges 粗糙邊緣 r 擴(kuò)散
light 閃光燈 ize 紋理化 old 閾值
文字
text 基本文字 s 數(shù)字
text 路徑文字 de 時(shí)間代碼
時(shí)間 重影
ize time 招貼畫 difference 時(shí)間差異 displacement 時(shí)間置換 rp 時(shí)間扭曲
tion 切換
dissolve 塊面溶解 wipe 卡片擦拭 nt wipe 漸變擦拭 wipe 星形擦拭 wipe 線性擦拭 wipe 徑向擦拭 an blinds 百葉窗
y 效用 converter profile converter bounds compander highlight compression
激勵(lì)機(jī)制的文獻(xiàn)篇三
how to motivate every employee
---james·cameron
incentive is the core of human resource tion and management in the enterprise management, human resources is economic resources with a variety of thoughts, feelings, the most dynamic summation also love that economic resources, but also the soul of enterprise in this organism, therefore, human resources production and management resources than other more important resources, and decisions not only affect the production and operation of enterprises of other economic resources, the value and use, and the province is the enterprise strength of several important components of quality of human resources as a result of production and management in the enterprise economic resources of the status and role, so the effectiveness of corporate governance or the ultimate ideal to achieve the objective should be: every enterprise employees will be able to give top priority to the overall interests of enterprises and business goals , the interests of all willing to contribute their ees of such a mental state of thinking and normal under oath in order to reflect the difficult, but it is entrepreneurs, managers should be pursued and the ultimate challenge, it is necessary to approach such a state, only through an effective internal ore, the most important task of enterprise management is the human resources ional personnel management and labor is different from a modern human resources management performance of the main features of the “strategic” level:(one)at the strategic guiding ideology of modern human resource management is “people-oriented” management;(two)the strategic objectives modern human resources management in order to “obtain a competitive advantage,” the objectives of management;(three)the scope of the strategy, the modern human resources management is the “full participation in” democratic management;(four)measures in the strategy of modern human resources management is the use of “systematic scientific methods and human art” contingency non-human resources management, compared to human resources management through the “incentives” to achieve, it is the core of human resources so-called “incentive” to meet people from the multi-level and spanersified needs of different employees and reward performance standards set value, a maximum staff to stimulate enthusiasm and creativity to achieve the objectives of the enterprise of how the use of human resources is determined by many complex factors in the result of the coupling, but the role of management incentives is one of the most important other non-human resources of the fundamental characteristics of human resources is that it attached to the staff and the existence of the human body, personal moment with the staff can not be separated, such other person or organization to use human resources, both by its natural all the people of “positive take the initiative ”can be achieved ore, human resources management can “people-oriented” and effectively to stimulate the enthusiasm of employees, to maximize the staff's initiative and creativity, has become the decision of the merits of enterprise production and management of key performance factors and human resources management business success core of the ee incentive ives for the management of human resources management in particular, the importance of ives can be adopted by all of, the enterprises need to attract them;also can make the most of the employees to perform their talents and wisdom;work so as to maintain the effectiveness and ive not only to make employees feel at ease, and actively work to play it so staff recognition and acceptance of the enterprise goals
and values, the enterprise have a strong sense of ing to the united states, professor william james of harvard university study, in the absence of incentive environment, the potential for staff to play out only a small part of that is 20%-30%, first-served basis just to keep their rice bowls;and in a good incentive mechanism for the environment, the same staff can play a potential 80%-90%, it can be seen, so that each employee is always a good incentive environment is the management of human resources development and the pursuit of the ideal how do we inspire employees to effectively correct the times?
first,adhere to people-centered, respect for human nature, and establish and implement the “employee-centric” management concept.“people-oriented, respect for humanity” as a modern management philosophy, emphasizing the ultimate goal of management-to improve the economic efficiency of enterprises on the people behind the management of behavior is no longer a cold cold command type, the compulsory carrying out an incentive, trust, caring, emotional, manager of human nature embodies a high degree of understanding and attach importance to managers as employees can not be purely “economic man” in order to meet their survival needs and material interests of the management an opportunity to but to pay attention to the employees respect the spirit of self-actualization needs at higher level in order to provide creative work and encouraging personality to play to mobilize the enthusiasm of employees, in the equal exchange of lead and establish the concept of corporate management;the external control into self-control, so that each employee to form their own sense of corporate loyalty and a sense of responsibility, so that the value of employees to achieve personal and business survival and development into a passer-by, if the enterprises do not know how to be people-oriented, and lack of basic understanding of human nature and respect for , to the neglect of the personal value of human resources to enable employees to achieve long-term needs of the inspanidual values can not be met or even depression, will not be able to retain the best talent, companies will lose ore, we must do the following:
staff carry out regular surveys to understand the extent possible, a matter of concern to employees, especially those relevant to their work, and to win the support and loyalty of staff, and staff to guide the spirit of innovation, attract and retain employees, companies should strive to collect the following the desired information staff: the fairness of work;organizational learning;communication;degree of flexibility and concern;customer center;trust and delegation of authority;the effectiveness of management;job satisfaction, the adequacy of support, was placed in a suitable role , and whether or not to feel on staff remuneration, benefits, working conditions, as well as flexible, to facilitate the preferential rises should change with the times, in addition to the traditional emphasis on staff remuneration, welfare and the improvement of working conditions but also the possibility of other incentives, such as the provision of day care;serving university;tuition grants;shorter working hours in summer;the implementation of employee stock option plan;set up a remote post office and so , the implementation of a comprehensive compensation strategy to motivate employees to so-called “comprehensive compensation strategy”, which means the company will pay the salaries of employees classified as “external” and “inherent” in two categories, a
combination of the two is the “full pay”, “external pay ”referring primarily to provide their employees with quantifiable monetary value, for example, the basic wage bonuses, stock options, pension, medical insurance and so on,“ internal pay ”refers to those provided to employees can not be quantified the performance of monetary value of various example, work satisfaction, for the completion of its work to facilitate the provision of personal tools, training opportunities, attractive corporate culture, good interpersonal relations, coordination of the work environment, as well as inspanidual recognition, appreciation and so on, external salaries and pay their own internal incentives have different contact with each other, complement each other, constitute a complete system of remuneration, practice has proved that as a result of staff-to-business expectations and needs to be comprehensive, which includes not only material needs, but also spiritual needs, and thus the implementation of “full pay” strategy, is an effective model of staff ,incentives should be fair, just and eliminate incentives for “big”.fair and impartial is a fundamental principle of you do not fair, improper prize award, improper punishment and punishment, not only can not receive the desired results, but will result in many negative consequences, it is necessary to impartial and incorruptible, regardless of affinity, regardless of distance, will be treated equally in order to promote the enthusiasm of the staff along the right direction virtuous circle, as proposed by the united states manage the academic award as the by doing so can enhance the cohesion and centripetal the same time, incentives are clearly ancient times people believed in the basic management fact if the additional money as wages, as it is unrelated to inspanidual performance and reward, employees feel they deserve it, rather than the result of the efforts, so that people can not be stimulated and ore, the smart managers should do everything possible to reward and recognize performance combine it with the cause of loyalty, dedication to the cause of the close combination of fact, the staff inside the imbalance is that they do good , there are dedicated, but work with people who do not receive the same is often not satisfied with the staff and leadership reasons, incentives to companies linked to behavior and employee benefits, the higher the protection of personal value, the greater their income, and through incentives to create a fair competitive environment to increase the comparability of results, and promote up sum up, the management of enterprises in the use of incentives should be people-oriented, pay attention to and strengthen the strong spirit of enterprise and development of mining resources to improve the workers compensation which the degree of non-material rewards, in the determination and implementation of policies and work rules and regulations in, and strive to embody the principle of fair and ees should not blindly encourage unrealistic earnings expectations increase, otherwise you will enable enterprises to inspanidual workers or groups of incentives and constraints arising from the difficulties, the effectiveness of decline, more difficult.中文翻譯：
如何激勵(lì)每一位員工
---詹姆斯·卡梅隆
激勵(lì)是人力資源管理的核心。
在企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營管理中，人力資源是企業(yè)各種經(jīng)濟(jì)資源中具有思想、感情、最求和能動(dòng)性的亦喜愛那個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)資源，也是企業(yè)這一有機(jī)體的靈魂，因此，人力資源是比其它生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營資源更為重要的一項(xiàng)資源，它不僅影響和決定了企業(yè)其他生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營經(jīng)濟(jì)資源的價(jià)值和使用狀況，而且其本省就是企業(yè)實(shí)力幾家質(zhì)量的重要組成部分之一，由于人力資源在企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營經(jīng)濟(jì)資源中的地位和作用，所以企業(yè)管理工作成效的極致或者說要達(dá)到的理想境界的目標(biāo)應(yīng)該是：企業(yè)內(nèi)的每一個(gè)員工都能將企業(yè)的整體利益放在首位，并為企業(yè)的目標(biāo)、利益甘愿貢獻(xiàn)自己的一切。職工的這樣一種思想和精神狀態(tài)在宣誓中師很難以體現(xiàn)的，但卻是企業(yè)家、管理者孜孜以求和所要挑戰(zhàn)的極限，要趨近這樣的一種狀態(tài)，只有通過企業(yè)內(nèi)部的有效激勵(lì)。因此，企業(yè)管理工作的重中之重是人力資源管理。與傳統(tǒng)勞動(dòng)人事管理不同，現(xiàn)代人力資源管理的主要特征表現(xiàn)在“戰(zhàn)略性”層面上：（1）在戰(zhàn)略指導(dǎo)思想上，現(xiàn)代人力資源管理是“以人為本”的管理；（2）在戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)上，現(xiàn)代人力資源管理是為了“獲取競爭優(yōu)勢(shì)”的目標(biāo)管理；（3）在戰(zhàn)略范圍上，現(xiàn)代人力資源管理是“全員參加”的民主管理；（4）在戰(zhàn)略措施上，現(xiàn)代人力資源管理是運(yùn)用“系統(tǒng)化科學(xué)方法和人文藝術(shù)”的權(quán)變管理。與非人力資源管理相比較，人力資源管理是通過“激勵(lì)”來實(shí)現(xiàn)的，它是人力資源管理的核心。所謂“激勵(lì)”，就是從滿足人的多層次、多元化需要出發(fā)，針對(duì)不同員工設(shè)定績效標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)值，一最大限度地激發(fā)員工工作積極性和創(chuàng)造性去實(shí)現(xiàn)組織的目標(biāo)。一個(gè)企業(yè)的人力資源利用效果如何，是由許多復(fù)雜因素耦合作用的結(jié)果，但其中管理的激勵(lì)作用是最重要的因素之一。
人力資源不同于其他非人力資源的根本特征就是，它依附于員工的人體而存在，與員工個(gè)人須臾不可分離，其他人或組織要使用人力資源，都要經(jīng)由它的天然所有這個(gè)人的“積極主動(dòng)”配合才能實(shí)現(xiàn)。因此，人力資源管理工作能否“以人為本”，有效激發(fā)員工的積極性，最大限度地發(fā)揮員工的主觀能動(dòng)性和創(chuàng)造性，就成為決定企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營績效優(yōu)劣的關(guān)鍵因素和企業(yè)人力資源管理成功與否的核心問題。
企業(yè)員工激勵(lì)的措施。
激勵(lì)對(duì)管理特別是人力資源管理的重要性自不待言。通過激勵(lì)能把所有才能的、本企業(yè)所需要的人吸引過來；也可以使本企業(yè)員工最充分地發(fā)揮其才能和智慧；從而保持所從事工作的有效性和高效率。激勵(lì)不僅在于能使職工安心，積極地工作，它還發(fā)揮使職工認(rèn)同和接受本企業(yè)的目標(biāo)和價(jià)值觀，對(duì)企業(yè)產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的歸屬感。據(jù)美國哈佛大學(xué)的教授威廉·詹姆士研究，在缺乏激勵(lì)的環(huán)境中，人員的潛力只發(fā)揮出了一小部分，即20%—30%，剛剛能保住飯碗即止；而在良好的激勵(lì)機(jī)制環(huán)境中，同樣的人員即可發(fā)揮出潛力的80%—90%，由此可見，使每位員工始終處于良好的激勵(lì)環(huán)境中是人力資源開發(fā)和管理所追求的理想狀態(tài)。那么，如何才能正確有效地激發(fā)員工的時(shí)期呢？ 首先、堅(jiān)持以人為本，尊重人性，樹立并貫徹“以員工為中心”的管理觀念。
“以人為本，尊重人性”作為現(xiàn)代管理理念，強(qiáng)調(diào)把管理的最終目的——提高企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益放在人的背后，管理行為不再是冰冷冷的命令型、強(qiáng)制型。而是貫徹著激勵(lì)、信任、關(guān)心、情感，體現(xiàn)著管理者對(duì)人性的高度理解和重視，管理者不能把員工視為單純的“經(jīng)濟(jì)人”，以滿足其生存需要
和物質(zhì)利益作為管理契機(jī)，而是要注重員工的尊重，自我實(shí)現(xiàn)等高層次精神需求，以提供創(chuàng)造性的工作，鼓勵(lì)個(gè)性的發(fā)揮來調(diào)動(dòng)員工的積極性，在平等的引導(dǎo)和交流中，建立起企業(yè)的經(jīng)營理念；將外部控制轉(zhuǎn)化為自我控制，使每個(gè)員工自發(fā)地形成對(duì)企業(yè)的忠誠感和責(zé)任感，進(jìn)而使員工的個(gè)人價(jià)值實(shí)現(xiàn)和企業(yè)的生存發(fā)展歸為一途，如果企業(yè)不懂得以人為本，對(duì)人性缺乏基本的了解和尊重，忽視了人才的個(gè)人價(jià)值，使員工實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)人價(jià)值的需求長期得不到滿足甚至壓抑，就無法留住最好的人才，企業(yè)也將因此失去競爭力。為此，必須做到以下幾點(diǎn)：
經(jīng)常開展員工調(diào)查，盡可能了解員工所關(guān)心的事，尤其是與其工作相關(guān)的事，以贏得員工的支持和忠誠，并可引導(dǎo)員工的創(chuàng)新精神，吸引并留住員工，企業(yè)應(yīng)致力于收集以下員工所期望的信息：工作中的公平性；組織學(xué)習(xí)；溝通；靈活性和關(guān)心度；顧客中心；信任和授權(quán)；管理的有效性；工作滿意程度，被支持的充分性，被安置角色的合適性，是否感覺到有價(jià)值。
著力于員工報(bào)酬、福利、工作條件的改善以及靈活、便利性的優(yōu)惠安排。企業(yè)應(yīng)隨著時(shí)代的變化，除了注重傳統(tǒng)意義上的員工報(bào)酬、福利和工作條件的改善以外，還可以實(shí)施其他的優(yōu)惠措施，如提供日托；在職大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)；學(xué)費(fèi)補(bǔ)助；縮短夏季工作時(shí)間；實(shí)施員工股票期權(quán)計(jì)劃；設(shè)置遠(yuǎn)程辦公崗位等等。
其次、實(shí)施全面薪酬戰(zhàn)略，給員工以充分的激勵(lì)。
所謂“全面薪酬戰(zhàn)略”，即公司將支付給員工的薪酬分為“外在”和“內(nèi)在”的兩大類，兩者的結(jié)合即為“全面薪酬”，“外在的薪酬”主要指為員工提供可量化的貨幣性價(jià)值，比如，基本工資獎(jiǎng)金、股票期權(quán)、退休金、醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)等等，“內(nèi)在的薪酬”則是指那些給員工提供的不能以量化的貨幣形式表現(xiàn)的各種貨幣價(jià)值。比如，對(duì)工作的滿意度，為完成工作而提供個(gè)人便利工具，培訓(xùn)的機(jī)會(huì)，吸引人的公司文化，良好的人際關(guān)系，相互配合的工作環(huán)境，以及公司對(duì)個(gè)人的表彰、謝意等，外在的薪酬和內(nèi)在的薪酬各自具有不同的激勵(lì)功能。它們互相聯(lián)系，互為補(bǔ)充，構(gòu)成完整的薪酬體系，實(shí)踐證明，由于員工對(duì)企業(yè)的期望和需求是全面的，其中既包括物質(zhì)需求，又包括精神需求，因而實(shí)施“全面薪酬”戰(zhàn)略，是員工激勵(lì)的有效模式。
第三、獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)應(yīng)公平、公正、杜絕獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)“大鍋飯”
公平公正是激勵(lì)一個(gè)基本原則。如果不公平公正，獎(jiǎng)不當(dāng)獎(jiǎng)，罰不當(dāng)罰，不僅收不到預(yù)期的效果，反而會(huì)造成許多消極后果，要鐵面無私，不論親疏，不分遠(yuǎn)近，一視同仁，以促進(jìn)員工的積極性沿著好的方向良性循環(huán)，就像美國管理學(xué)界提出的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)準(zhǔn)則那樣。只有這樣做，才能增強(qiáng)企業(yè)的凝聚力和向心力。同時(shí)，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)分明是從古至今人們所信奉的基本管理原則。如果把獎(jiǎng)金當(dāng)成實(shí)際上的附加工資，當(dāng)成是與個(gè)人表現(xiàn)無關(guān)的報(bào)酬，員工就覺得這是他們應(yīng)得的，而不是努力的結(jié)果，這樣就不能激人上進(jìn)。因此，聰明的管理者應(yīng)盡一切可能把報(bào)酬和績效表彰結(jié)合起來，把它與對(duì)事業(yè)的忠誠，對(duì)事業(yè)的奉獻(xiàn)緊密結(jié)合起來，實(shí)際上，員工內(nèi)心最不平衡的事是，自己干得好，有奉獻(xiàn)，卻與不干活的人待遇一樣。這也常是員工與領(lǐng)導(dǎo)不滿意的原因，要把公司獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)行為與員工利益掛鉤，保障個(gè)人創(chuàng)造價(jià)值越高，其收益越大，并通過獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)創(chuàng)造公平的競爭環(huán)境，增加成績的可比性，促進(jìn)群體向上。
綜上所述，企業(yè)在使用激勵(lì)管理時(shí)，應(yīng)以人為本，注重和強(qiáng)化企業(yè)內(nèi)部精神極力資源的挖掘和開發(fā)，提高職工報(bào)酬當(dāng)中非物質(zhì)報(bào)酬的程度，在判定和落實(shí)各項(xiàng)政策和規(guī)章制度的工作中，力求體現(xiàn)公平和公正性原則。不宜盲目地助長員工預(yù)期目標(biāo)收益不切實(shí)際地增加，否則就會(huì)使企業(yè)對(duì)職工個(gè)體或群體的激勵(lì)措施產(chǎn)生困難和制約，有效性下降，難度增加。
激勵(lì)機(jī)制的文獻(xiàn)篇四
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2.許多人離開家去找食物 many people lefts their homes to go in search of food
3.她與2000年畢業(yè)不久成為了一名老師she graduated in 2000 and before long she became a teacher
4.他走到人群的面前he made hies way to the crowd
5.她張貼出一張有關(guān)學(xué)校組織去法國旅游的布告 she put up a notice about the school trip to france
6.她去牛津上大學(xué)的消息簡直好得令人無法相信 the news that she went to oxford university is too good the true
1.上大學(xué)時(shí)他們相遇并相愛了they met and fell in love at allege
2.我不知道他為什么不喜歡他的女婿i don’t know why he doesn’t like his son-in-law
3.我很榮幸你們請(qǐng)我在大會(huì)上講話i am flattered that you asked me to speak at the meeting
4.這會(huì)時(shí)一個(gè)乞丐眼成為一個(gè)百萬富翁this will make a beggar a millionaire in a minute
1.他們的婚禮將在教堂舉行their marriage ceremony will be performed in the church
2.冰淇淋經(jīng)常用作正餐之后的一種甜點(diǎn)ice cream is usually served as dessert after the main course
3.士兵們裝扮成了普通老板姓the soldiers disguised themselves as ordinary people
4.公共汽車太擠了我?guī)缀踬嵅贿^身來the bus so full chat i could hardly turn around
5.這個(gè)氣球是有帆布制成的形狀像個(gè)猴子the balloon is made of canvas and it’s shape like monkey
1.在一個(gè)朋友家小住幾天給他寫一封感謝信是禮貌的做法it is polite to write a thank-you letter after staying for a few days with a friend
2.她把手指放在嘴唇前示意大家安靜下來she put her finger to her lips a sign to be quite
3.他們每年可以享受30天的帶薪年假they can enjoy a 30 day paid holiday every year
4.當(dāng)我告訴他你要來她先的很驚訝she expressed when i toldher you were coming
5.恰恰相反許多學(xué)生更加珍惜課外與老師之間的交流on the contrary many student appreciate all the more communication with their teacher out of class
1.他們已把兒子撫養(yǎng)長大能自食其力了they have brought up their to sand on their own feet
2.我們請(qǐng)專家來擔(dān)任政府顧問experts were brought in to advise the government
3.因?yàn)檫@場大雨我們只好把野營推遲了we had to put off the camping as a result of the heavy rain
4.煤可以轉(zhuǎn)化為煤氣coal can be converted to gas
5.這是語法練習(xí)的答案this is the key to the grammar exercises
1.他在購買服裝上花了很多錢she sends a lot of money on clothes
2.計(jì)算機(jī)在辦公室中起到重要作用 computers play an important role in office work
3.努力工作可以達(dá)到成功hard work leads to success
4.他們投身于我國的西部大開發(fā)they devote themselves to the development of the western part of our country
5.簡參加多項(xiàng)學(xué)?；顒?dòng)jane takes part in many school activities
1.各組人民都沉在節(jié)日的氣氛之中different varieties of people are in festival atmosphere
2.除非馬上還清欠款否則我和你打官司i’ll take you to court unless you pay up immediately
3.我沒有注意到周圍的事物i was not aware of my surroundings
1.她偶爾不得不吃安眠藥occasionally she had to take sleeping pills
2.這本字典的新版本還未發(fā)行the new version of this dictionary is not in use yet
3.承蒙足下推薦我已獲得這份工作i got the job thanks to recommendation
4.她終于嫁給了最執(zhí)著追求的她的人she eventually married the most persistent one of her admirers
5.她能很快記住許多資料she can memorize facts very quickly
1.我仍然堅(jiān)持我的觀點(diǎn)i still insist on my viewpoint
2.到時(shí)候我們會(huì)人通知你we will inform you in due course
3.我們既不打籃球也不打排球we are going play neither basketball nor volleyball
4.我總是開著窗戶睡覺除非天氣非常冷菜關(guān)上窗戶i always keep the window open when i sleep unless it is very cold
5.你或是你的父親今天必須見這位年輕人either you or your father must see this young man today
yingfahan
long she was disappointed and unable to find a job so she took to the streets to do everything she could to earn money不久他沒有找到工作使他很失望因此流露街頭盡可能維持生計(jì)
mother having heard of her daughter’s whereabouts went to the poor parts of the city in search of her daughter 媽媽聽到有女兒的消息后媽媽趕往貧窮的城市尋找女兒
ned for her mother’s safety the young woman ran to the bedroom and shook her mother awake and said it’s me the eyes of americans thanksgiving day is an important festival just next to christmas
dates back to the arrival of some of the first european settlers in the new world who survived their first cold winter with the help of their native indian neighbors那些早期的移民在印度安人的幫助下他們?cè)谀抢锒冗^了第一個(gè)寒冬
days before the festival shops supermarkets and restaurants decorate their show windows with colorful lights and exhibits and promise great discounts 在節(jié)日的前幾天商店超市和飯店五彩繽紛的燈和美不勝收的展品裝飾櫥窗還說要降價(jià)
lonely old folks could enjoy temporary happiness while they joined the celebration activities 當(dāng)孤寡老人參加慶?；顒?dòng)時(shí)獲得短暫愉快
thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and produce it more quickly他認(rèn)為人們吃飯的關(guān)鍵有更多的大米和更快的生產(chǎn)
could give a higher yield than either of the original plants它可以給更高的收益率比原先任何植物
a result of yuan long ping’s discovery chinese discovery chinese rice production rose by 45.5%in the 1900s由于袁隆平的發(fā)現(xiàn)中國的水稻產(chǎn)量咋20世紀(jì)90年代增長了45.5%
if you probe a little deeper you will find that personal circumstances and a better quality of lite are the two most compelling factors driving people away from their offices如果你再深入研究你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)個(gè)人的境況和更好的生活質(zhì)量是促使人們離開辦公室的兩個(gè)最值得關(guān)注的原因
an overcrowded tube i was commuters were being pushed around tempers were being fraved and a few people were crying 我在擁擠的地鐵里上下班的人推推擠擠有些人發(fā)脾氣有些人呼喊
a chinese learn of english your problems when it comes to writing probably have to do with organization of content and basic sentence structure對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)英語的中國人來說寫作時(shí)你會(huì)遇到內(nèi)容組織和基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)等一些問題
that case you work in a specific field with specific challenges that may not be covered in this course你在一個(gè)特殊的環(huán)境里工作有特定的寫作挑戰(zhàn)二我們的課程不可能滿足所有學(xué)生的要求
will then save the new version and carry on with occasional editing and improving每次編輯環(huán)節(jié)之后你的文本會(huì)有所改進(jìn)你應(yīng)該保存這些新版本并繼續(xù)不時(shí)的編輯和改進(jìn)
course you will have to allow yourself some time to put what you have learned into practice and practice eventually makes you perfect 當(dāng)然你你不得不把你自己學(xué)到的東西運(yùn)用實(shí)踐最終你使你自己更完美
you say the word communication most people think of work and sentences 說起交流大多數(shù)人想到單詞和句子
gh these are very important we communicate with more than just spoken and written body positions are part of what we call body language雖然這些單詞和句子很重要但我們并不只是用口語和書面語交流身勢(shì)語是我們說話的一部分
see examples of unconscious body language very often yet there is also learned body language which varies
from culture to culture我們經(jīng)常看到無意識(shí)的身勢(shì)語但也有習(xí)得的身勢(shì)語習(xí)得的身勢(shì)語在不同的文化中各不相同 internet chat room is a new and popular forum in which people meet new friends from around the word stories of chatters falling in love are very common 網(wǎng)絡(luò)聊天室是一個(gè)新的流行的論壇，使人們認(rèn)識(shí)新朋友來自世界各地的故事，r some experts say chat chatting can be addictive and they point out that problem lies in the chatters然而一些專家說聊天可能上癮，他們指出問題在于聊天者本人
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